After 40-month treatment, ADAS-cog-J total score was 14.0.Ĭonclusions: There is a worsening of ADL decline with progressive impairment of cognitive decline in AD. Rivastigmine was switched to galantamine, and galantamine was increased up to 24 mg/day. Subsequently, memantine added, and was increased up to 20 mg/day.
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Rivastigmine patch started, and was increased up to 18 mg/day. At initial diagnosis, ADAS-cog-J total score was 12.3. Seven (9%) of 79 patients with antidementia drugs were on antipsychotics, 4 (5%) were on benzodiazepines, 9 (11%) were on hypnotics, 9 (11%) were on antidepressants, 2 (3%) were on mood stabilizers, and 5 (6%) were on Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine.
Among 35 patients treated with memantine, 33 were taking one of three cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs). However, for 35 antidementia drug naïve patients, the comparisons between two groups of mild and moderate cognitive impairment showed statistically significant differences in domain B, but not for 79 memantine-treated patients. The level of significance was set at p 20), moderate (20-11), and severe (11>) cognitive impairment showed statistically significant differences in domain A and C, but not in domain B. The clinical assessment scores were compared between the groups by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc comparisons (Tukey-Kramer HSD).
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The JMI software (Version 10.0.2) for Macintosh was used to perform the analyses. The 13 items of the ABC-DS are grouped into three domains: domain A, related to ADL function domain B, related to BPSD and domain C, related to cognitive function, and the ABC-DS uses a 9-point scale for each question item, with lower scores indicating poorer function. The ABC-DS, a novel assessment tool for AD is an effective tool in assessing symptoms and the severity of AD over time. Neurocognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and BPSD and ADL were assessed by the ABC Dementia Scale (ABC-DS). Patients with other types of dementia were excluded from the study.
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Patients fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: diagnosis of AD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Methods: The study patients were 114 visited between January 2019 and June 2019 at the Department of Psychiatry, Iwaki Clinic. In addition, based on the findings, we present the optimal strategies of treatment for AD. Therefore, we investigated again these relations. For optimal strategies of treatment for AD, it is quite important to make sure the relations between cognitive function and BPSD/activities of daily living (ADL). In general, it is considered that there is a worsening of functional decline with progressive impairment of cognitive decline in AD, but BPSD are worse in the middle stages with moderate cognitive impairment than those in the early stages with mild cognitive impairment, and even those in the late stages with severe cognitive impairment.
Note: Excludes Life Deckathlete’s Decks (if you’re only using Treasure Cards, higher damage may be possible with it).Background: Cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is usually accompanied by various behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and dysfunctions in daily activities.
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